Denmark

Year	2012	2014	2016	2018	2020	2022
Population	5 580 516	5 627 235	5 707 251	5 781 190	5 822 763	5 840 045
GDP € m	239 245	248 975	266 179	288 981	312 747	336 719
GDP/head €	42 871	44 245	46 639	49 986	53 711	57 657

Year	2012	2014	2016	2018	2020	2022
Market	448	392	482	429	334	716
Average turnover per practice (€)
2 persons	160 624	151 768	160 743	n/a	68 485	n/a
6 – 10 persons	771 921	n/a	1 004 374	n/a	554 770	n/a

Year	2012	2014	2016	2018	2020	2022
Architects	9 800	10 000	10 000	10 300	10 400	10 000
% Male	56	50	54	56	49	52
% Female	44	50	46	44	51	48
% <40 years	27	26	28	26	31	20
Practices	1782	1759	1422	1271	1667	1389

Year	2012	2014	2016	2018	2020	2022
Participants	743	529	459	247	156	119
Accuracy of results 95% confidence +/-	3.4	4.1	4.5	6.2	7.8	8.9

Year	2012	2014	2016	2018	2020	2022
Sole Principals	12	8	11	11	10	14
Partners & Directors	13	9	10	9	5	15
Private practice Salaried	29	34	33	32	37	34
Private in-house	2	2	1	3	1	3
Freelance	1	1	2	2	1	2
Other Private	8	5	14	9	10	7
Local / central government	25	26	19	24	25	21
Other Public	10	15	10	10	12	5

Year	2012	2014	2016	2018	2020	2022
Sole Principals	62 513	53 590	51 051	61 513	75 834	71 785
Partners & Directors	69 907	80 385	84 502	77 847	26 173	100 800
Private practice Salaried	60 496	53 858	50 782	59 190	54 922	68 155
Private in-house	30 961	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	101 157
Freelance	64 664	93 783	21 600	n/a	n/a	n/a
Other Private	53 774	62 762	50 651	80 531	91 269	127 707
Local / central government	63 050	56 270	52 797	48 117	67 109	48 394
Other Public	60 496	64 308	55 753	6 979	28 857	n/a

Protection of the title “Architect”	No
Protection of the function of Architects	No
Professional title	cand.arch. and/or Arkitekt MAA (if member of the Danish Association of Architects) Members of Danske Arkitektvirksomheder (DANSKE ARK) , which are architects having their own practice and companies use the title “Medlem af Danske Arkitektvirksomheder” or “Medlem af DANSKE ARK”. Membership is voluntary. The profession of architect is not regulated; the practice of the profession is unrestricted.
Mandatory Registration	Yes
If yes, Where?	N/A
Competent authority	There is no obligation to register with an association or an official list. A voluntary registration can be made with the Danish Association of Architects (AA). This association is a private body that has a national head office and 7 local chapters. Membership of the Danish Association of Architects is compulsory in order to use the title Arkitekt MAA (Architect MAA). Danske Arkitektvirksomheder (DANSKE ARK) issues certificates about persons in the member companies fulfilling the demands in directive 2005/36 and, if needed, the length of practice. The Danish Ministry of Higher Education and Science

Entrance examination	No
Academic training	5 years academic education (2+3) given at The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen and the School of Architecture in Aarhus.
Qualified as	Architect
Professional training needed?	No Professional training required by law. Architectural companies being members of Danske Arkitektvirksomheder (DANSKE ARK) must be led by at least one person having at least 5 years of professional experience, out of which at least 2 years as owners/leaders in an architectural company
If yes How much time
Comments

Additional compulsory practical training – internship	Not compulsory No professional experience required. A majority of students who graduate from the schools (5 years) gain practical experience (approximately half a year) in their holidays during their study.
Requirement for undertaking compulsory professional experience as a requirement for access to the professional examination	No – but there is a possibility of undertaking a 2-year voluntary practical training programme
Period of traineeship supervised (overseen) By who?	The 2-year programme is supervised by the Schools of Architecture, the Danish Association of Architects, the Danish Association of Architectural Firms and the Association of Employed Architects
Compulsory professional experience (requirement for access to the professional examination) Where? To which conditions	At the architectural practices and at the schools of architecture
Number of hours per month required	None
Compulsory Professional examination	No – only a voluntary one after the 2-year programme
Complementary professional education	No
Remuneration of the professional experience	No, normally paid by the employers/employees
Trainee accompanied	Yes
Specific supplementary courses organised	Yes
Model form of contract available	Yes
Professional practice undertaken abroad taken into account	Yes
Evaluation of the professional experience	Yes
Evaluation method used	Through questionnaires

Are Architects obligation to carry insurance?	YES (Only members of Danske Arkitektvirksomheder), but all public and professional private clients have insurance demands in the contracts.
Legal Basis: what are the most commonly used Term and Conditions:	Commonly used Term and Conditions: ABR 89 and ABR 18, ABR 18 F (General conditions for Consulting services) which reduces liabilities in several areas compared with Danish law.
What are the requirements for obtaining insurance?	Normally just education as an architect (title not protected) Members of Danske Arkitektvirksomheder (DANSKE ARK) have always access due to a general agreement with insurance company HDI, where the conditions each year are updated to match the latest general developments in contract demands. Other architects must negotiate individual insurances.
How are insurance premiums calculated?	Percentage of fee, varying according to type and geography of work. Always a minimum premium. Single project insurance has fixed premium
What forms of Insurance contract exist:	Subscription contract for all work in a predefined period, not covered by single project insurance and single project insurance for larger projects.
Insurances/Agents	HDI/Marsh (insurance company/broker). Subscription insurance is in HDI, single project insurance in different companies after tender. Other companies may also offer subscription insurance, but they mostly have limited market experience, less specialized staff and less coverage. Read the insurance sheet

What requirements must a European architect fulfill to practice in this country?

Legal requirements: The same as the Danish architects, i.e. none. Requirements in real life: In Denmark the laws regulate the architectural work ex post. That means that the regulation is imposed on the project, not on the person. Denmark has very detailed planning and building regulation laws, which makes it difficult for foreign architects to work in Denmark without cooperating with Danish architects with detailed knowledge of the planning and building regulation. So foreign architects who want to work in Denmark are recommended to work together with Danish architects, or as employed architects in Danish companies, at least for the first years. Detailed knowledge of Danish language is also necessary for those who want to cooperate with Danish building workers.

Does a system of CPD for architects exists in your country?	Yes
If yes: Is it compulsory? Is it encouraged? Is it free?	No Yes
If it is compulsory, is it required by law or by a Code of Conduct?	Not compulsory
If it is regulated, who regulates the system: A professional body A governmental body A combination of the two?	It is not regulated
Is it organised?	The CPD courses offered by the Danish Association of Architects is structured, but there is no overall regulationary system.
Who provides the courses?	The Danish Association of Architects, Danske Arkitektvirksomheder (DANSKE ARK), the schools of architecture, other institutions and private firms.
What level of training is provided:	Regulation and legislation, sustainability; management; renovation, accessibility, insurance, contracts, business strategies.
Are certain subjects mandatory?	No
What types of activities or provisions are accepted:	Courses; Workshop, Excursions or visits
Do you have any evaluation criteria for the CPD material?	CPD material developed by the Danish Architects’ Association is always evaluated by the participants
Who recognises (accredits) these trainings?	Nobody – it is not regulated
Development of the trainings: A. Estimated number of courses/year B. Estimated number of participants/year C. Estimated lesson hours/year	Figures from the Danish Architects’ Association: A 35 / year B 800 / year No figures from other providers, but probably much more than 800 participants per year from these.
Level of requirements for the architects:
Is this required level validated or checked and how: A. Not requested B. Attendance tracking C. Attendance tracking D. Self-assessment using self-test E. By regular checks F. Examination G. Thesis H. Other means (e.g. electronic monitoring)?
Is training (provision) delivered abroad accepted?	There is no regulation, so any training could be accepted by anybody
What kind of sanction is applied for the non-compliance with CPD obligation: A. None B. Reprimand C. Expulsion from the register D. Other?	None
Do you have a database of the content of your CPD programme?	The CPD programme of the Danish Association of Architects is found here

Country Profile

ACE Member Organisations

Danish Association of Architectural Firms DA

The Architect’s Association of Denmark AA

Statistics

Professional title

Access to the profession

Traineeship

Liability and insurance

Continuous Professional Develop

Requirements to practice